Modification of Polylactic Acid with Eggshell Filler as Biodegradable Composite

Authors

  • Nonni Soraya Sambudi Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Universitas Pertamina, Simprug, Kec. Kby. Lama, Kota Jakarta Selatan, DKI Jakarta, 12220
  • Fitri Ayu Radini Research Centre for Polymer Technology, National Research and Innovation Agency, Gedung 460 Kawasan Sains dan Teknologi (KST) B.J. Habibie Setu, Tangerang Selatan, Banten, 15314,
  • Norashikin Ahmad Kamal Faculty of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA , Jalan Ilmu 1/1, 40450, Shah Alam, Selangor
  • Norwahyu Jusoh Department of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Persiaran UTP, 32610, Seri Iskandar, Perak,

Abstract

In this study, polylactic acid (PLA) was proposed as a material for producing bioplastics due to the desirable properties, including high processability, low cost, and good transparency. However, the degradation of PLA as a bioplastic remains a significant challenge. To address this problem, PLA was modified by blending with a bio-filler, in the form of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) prepared from eggshell powder (ESP). The CaCO3 filler in form of ESP was incorporated into PLA using the solution casting method. The parameter being varied was the ESP loading, ranging from 0 wt% to 20 wt%. The results showed that the inclusion of eggshell-derived filler in PLA increased tensile strength and Young’s modulus by 10%, from 24.12 to 26.61 MPa, and 162%, from 3022 to 7932 MPa, respectively. The degradability of composite was done through burial test, which the weight of PLA/ESP-20wt% was decreased by 11.11 wt% after 3 weeks. This suggests that eggshell waste has the potential to serve as an effective filler to improve the mechanical strength and degradation of PLA.

How to Cite

Nonni Soraya Sambudi, Fitri Ayu Radini, Norashikin Ahmad Kamal, Norwahyu Jusoh (2025). Modification of Polylactic Acid with Eggshell Filler as Biodegradable Composite. Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences, Vol. 57 No. 4 (2025): Vol. 57 No. 4 (2025): August , 519-529. https://doi.org/10.5614/j.eng.technol.sci.2025.57.4.7

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Date Log

Submitted
October 9, 2024
Accepted
July 4, 2025
Published
August 29, 2025

Keywords

  • biodegradable
  • CaCO3
  • composite
  • eggshell
  • PLA

How to Cite

Modification of Polylactic Acid with Eggshell Filler as Biodegradable Composite. (2025). Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences, 57(4), 519-529. https://doi.org/10.5614/j.eng.technol.sci.2025.57.4.7

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